fond
Model Checking Contest 2024
14th edition, Geneva, Switzerland, June 25, 2024
Execution of r448-smll-171701114500001
Last Updated
July 7, 2024

About the Execution of Tapaal for UtahNoC-PT-none

Execution Summary
Max Memory
Used (MB)
Time wait (ms) CPU Usage (ms) I/O Wait (ms) Computed Result Execution
Status
16208.128 3592527.00 4118492.00 22979.40 TFTFFTTFTTTFT?TT normal

Execution Chart

We display below the execution chart for this examination (boot time has been removed).

Trace from the execution

Formatting '/data/fkordon/mcc2024-input.r448-smll-171701114500001.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=4294967296 backing_file=/data/fkordon/mcc2024-input.qcow2 backing_fmt=qcow2 cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off refcount_bits=16
Waiting for the VM to be ready (probing ssh)
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................
=====================================================================
Generated by BenchKit 2-5568
Executing tool tapaal
Input is UtahNoC-PT-none, examination is CTLCardinality
Time confinement is 3600 seconds
Memory confinement is 16384 MBytes
Number of cores is 4
Run identifier is r448-smll-171701114500001
=====================================================================

--------------------
preparation of the directory to be used:
/home/mcc/execution
total 644K
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6.5K May 14 13:22 CTLCardinality.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 73K May 14 13:22 CTLCardinality.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 5.2K May 14 13:22 CTLFireability.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 46K May 14 13:22 CTLFireability.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 4.2K May 18 16:43 GenericPropertiesDefinition.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6.1K May 18 16:43 GenericPropertiesVerdict.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 3.3K Apr 23 08:03 LTLCardinality.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 22K Apr 23 08:03 LTLCardinality.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 2.1K Apr 23 08:03 LTLFireability.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 17K Apr 23 08:03 LTLFireability.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 11K Apr 12 10:11 ReachabilityCardinality.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 109K Apr 12 10:11 ReachabilityCardinality.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 8.3K Apr 12 10:10 ReachabilityFireability.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 72K Apr 12 10:10 ReachabilityFireability.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 1.6K Apr 23 08:03 UpperBounds.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 3.6K Apr 23 08:03 UpperBounds.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6 May 18 16:43 equiv_col
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 5 May 18 16:43 instance
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6 May 18 16:43 iscolored
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 205K May 18 16:43 model.pnml

--------------------
content from stdout:

=== Data for post analysis generated by BenchKit (invocation template)

The expected result is a vector of booleans
BOOL_VECTOR

here is the order used to build the result vector(from text file)
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-00
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-01
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-02
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-03
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-04
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-05
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-06
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-07
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-08
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-09
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-10
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-11
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-12
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-13
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-14
FORMULA_NAME UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-15

=== Now, execution of the tool begins

BK_START 1717130353359

tapaal
Got BK_BIN_PATH=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/
---> tapaal --- TAPAAL - v2.2024
Setting MODEL_PATH=.
Setting VERIFYPN=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn
Got BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT=3600
Setting TEMPDIR=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp
Got BK_MEMORY_CONFINEMENT=16384
Limiting to 16265216 kB
Total timeout: 3590
Time left: 3590

*************************************
* TAPAAL verifying CTLCardinality *
*************************************
TEMPDIR=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp
QF=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq
MF=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU
Time left: 3590
---------------------------------------------------
Step -1: Stripping Colors
---------------------------------------------------
Verifying stripped models (16 in total)

Time left: 3590
---------------------------------------------------
Step 0: Parallel Simplification
---------------------------------------------------
Doing parallel simplification (16 in total)
Total simplification timout is 718 -- reduction timeout is 299
timeout 3590 /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n -q 718 -l 29 -d 299 -z 4 -s OverApprox --binary-query-io 2 --write-simplified /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --write-reduced /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU -x 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16 ./model.pnml ./CTLCardinality.xml

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-01 FALSE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT LP_APPROX
Query index 1 was solved

Query is NOT satisfied.

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-04 FALSE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT LP_APPROX
Query index 4 was solved

Query is NOT satisfied.

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-07 FALSE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT LP_APPROX
Query index 7 was solved

Query is NOT satisfied.

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-09 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT LP_APPROX
Query index 9 was solved

Query is satisfied.

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-14 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT LP_APPROX
Query index 14 was solved

Query is satisfied.

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-15 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT LP_APPROX
Query index 15 was solved

Query is satisfied.
Solution found by parallel simplification (step 0)
Solution found by parallel simplification (step 0)
Solution found by parallel simplification (step 0)
Solution found by parallel simplification (step 0)
Solution found by parallel simplification (step 0)
Solution found by parallel simplification (step 0)
Time left: 3589

---------------------------------------------------
Step 1: Parallel processing
---------------------------------------------------
Doing parallel verification of individual queries (10 in total)
Each query is verified by 4 parallel strategies for 299 seconds
------------------- QUERY 1 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)
Query index 0 was solved

Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.004777 on verification
@@@0.04,7676@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s BestFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 1 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-02 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING STRUCTURAL_REDUCTION QUERY_REDUCTION SAT_SMT EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION STUBBORN_SETS
Time left: 3588
------------------- QUERY 2 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 18.3228 on verification
@@@18.44,1003664@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s DFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 2 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-06 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3569
------------------- QUERY 3 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.087013 on verification
@@@0.10,148816@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s DFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 3 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-05 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3569
------------------- QUERY 4 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is NOT satisfied.

Spent 0.047772 on verification
@@@0.06,58548@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s RPFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 4 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-03 FALSE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3569
------------------- QUERY 5 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.110718 on verification
@@@0.13,60464@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s RPFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 5 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-00 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3568
------------------- QUERY 6 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.064691 on verification


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.04773 on verification
@@@0.08,58232@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s BestFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 6 -n
@@@0.06,58172@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s DFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 6 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2023-12 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3568
------------------- QUERY 7 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.149411 on verification
@@@0.16,63872@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s RPFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 7 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-10 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3567
------------------- QUERY 8 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is NOT satisfied.

Spent 0.063797 on verification
@@@0.08,58388@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s RPFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 8 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-11 FALSE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3567
------------------- QUERY 9 ----------------------
Solution found by parallel processing (step 1)


Query index 0 was solved
Query is satisfied.

Spent 0.048121 on verification
@@@0.06,58548@@@
parallel: This job succeeded:
eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s DFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 9 -n

FORMULA UtahNoC-PT-none-CTLCardinality-2024-08 TRUE TECHNIQUES COLLATERAL_PROCESSING EXPLICIT STATE_COMPRESSION SAT_SMT STUBBORN_SETS CTL_CZERO
Time left: 3567
------------------- QUERY 10 ----------------------
No solution found
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@94.30,5738612@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@150.65,7376272@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@273.71,11351852@@@
parallel: Warning: This job was killed because it timed out:
parallel: Warning: eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s BestFS -q 0 -l 0 -d 119' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 10 -n


Time left: 3266
---------------------------------------------------
Step 2: Sequential processing
---------------------------------------------------
Remaining 1 queries are verified sequentially.
Each query is verified for a dynamic timeout (at least 512 seconds)
Time left: 3266
------------------- QUERY 10 ----------------------
Running query 10 for 3266 seconds. Remaining: 1 queries and 3266 seconds
No solution found
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@561.15,8478068@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@752.88,16109320@@@


Time left: 2513
Time left: 2513
---------------------------------------------------
Step 4: Random Parallel processing
---------------------------------------------------
Doing random parallel verification of individual queries (1 in total)
Each query is verified by 4 parallel strategies for 2513 seconds
------------------- QUERY 10 ----------------------
No solution found
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@102.82,4100152@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@815.80,5501224@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@957.92,8216256@@@
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
what(): std::bad_alloc
Command terminated by signal 6
@@@1146.61,16062592@@@


Time left: 1366
Time left: 1366
---------------------------------------------------
Step 4: Random Parallel processing
---------------------------------------------------
Doing random parallel verification of individual queries (1 in total)
Each query is verified by 4 parallel strategies for 1366 seconds
------------------- QUERY 10 ----------------------
No solution found
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@85.15,4107524@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@112.02,5565264@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@170.95,8102828@@@
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
what(): std::bad_alloc
Command terminated by signal 6
@@@356.89,16061644@@@


Time left: 1009
Time left: 1008
---------------------------------------------------
Step 4: Random Parallel processing
---------------------------------------------------
Doing random parallel verification of individual queries (1 in total)
Each query is verified by 4 parallel strategies for 1008 seconds
------------------- QUERY 10 ----------------------
No solution found
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@70.65,4108848@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@171.49,5496672@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@230.79,8093016@@@
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
what(): std::bad_alloc
Command terminated by signal 6
@@@413.21,16061688@@@


Time left: 595
Time left: 595
---------------------------------------------------
Step 4: Random Parallel processing
---------------------------------------------------
Doing random parallel verification of individual queries (1 in total)
Each query is verified by 4 parallel strategies for 595 seconds
------------------- QUERY 10 ----------------------
No solution found
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@78.12,4128988@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@160.54,5390044@@@
Command terminated by signal 9
@@@434.71,8188588@@@
parallel: Warning: This job was killed because it timed out:
parallel: Warning: eval /usr/bin/time -f "@@@%e,%M@@@" /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/verifypn -n '-s RDFS --seed-offset 1337 -q 0 -l 0 -d 0' /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.YwCae4iQrU /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/tmp/tmp.mAoIswD5Dq --binary-query-io 1 -x 10 -n


Time left: -2
Out of time, terminating!
terminated-with-cleanup

BK_STOP 1717133945886

--------------------
content from stderr:

CPN OverApproximation is only usable on colored models

Sequence of Actions to be Executed by the VM

This is useful if one wants to reexecute the tool in the VM from the submitted image disk.

set -x
# this is for BenchKit: configuration of major elements for the test
export BK_INPUT="UtahNoC-PT-none"
export BK_EXAMINATION="CTLCardinality"
export BK_TOOL="tapaal"
export BK_RESULT_DIR="/tmp/BK_RESULTS/OUTPUTS"
export BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT="3600"
export BK_MEMORY_CONFINEMENT="16384"
export BK_BIN_PATH="/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/"

# this is specific to your benchmark or test

export BIN_DIR="$HOME/BenchKit/bin"

# remove the execution directoty if it exists (to avoid increse of .vmdk images)
if [ -d execution ] ; then
rm -rf execution
fi

# this is for BenchKit: explicit launching of the test
echo "====================================================================="
echo " Generated by BenchKit 2-5568"
echo " Executing tool tapaal"
echo " Input is UtahNoC-PT-none, examination is CTLCardinality"
echo " Time confinement is $BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT seconds"
echo " Memory confinement is 16384 MBytes"
echo " Number of cores is 4"
echo " Run identifier is r448-smll-171701114500001"
echo "====================================================================="
echo
echo "--------------------"
echo "preparation of the directory to be used:"

tar xzf /home/mcc/BenchKit/INPUTS/UtahNoC-PT-none.tgz
mv UtahNoC-PT-none execution
cd execution
if [ "CTLCardinality" = "ReachabilityDeadlock" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "UpperBounds" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "QuasiLiveness" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "StableMarking" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "Liveness" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "OneSafe" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "StateSpace" ]; then
rm -f GenericPropertiesVerdict.xml
fi
pwd
ls -lh

echo
echo "--------------------"
echo "content from stdout:"
echo
echo "=== Data for post analysis generated by BenchKit (invocation template)"
echo
if [ "CTLCardinality" = "UpperBounds" ] ; then
echo "The expected result is a vector of positive values"
echo NUM_VECTOR
elif [ "CTLCardinality" != "StateSpace" ] ; then
echo "The expected result is a vector of booleans"
echo BOOL_VECTOR
else
echo "no data necessary for post analysis"
fi
echo
if [ -f "CTLCardinality.txt" ] ; then
echo "here is the order used to build the result vector(from text file)"
for x in $(grep Property CTLCardinality.txt | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | sort -u) ; do
echo "FORMULA_NAME $x"
done
elif [ -f "CTLCardinality.xml" ] ; then # for cunf (txt files deleted;-)
echo echo "here is the order used to build the result vector(from xml file)"
for x in $(grep '' CTLCardinality.xml | cut -d '>' -f 2 | cut -d '<' -f 1 | sort -u) ; do
echo "FORMULA_NAME $x"
done
elif [ "CTLCardinality" = "ReachabilityDeadlock" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "QuasiLiveness" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "StableMarking" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "Liveness" ] || [ "CTLCardinality" = "OneSafe" ] ; then
echo "FORMULA_NAME CTLCardinality"
fi
echo
echo "=== Now, execution of the tool begins"
echo
echo -n "BK_START "
date -u +%s%3N
echo
timeout -s 9 $BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT bash -c "/home/mcc/BenchKit/BenchKit_head.sh 2> STDERR ; echo ; echo -n \"BK_STOP \" ; date -u +%s%3N"
if [ $? -eq 137 ] ; then
echo
echo "BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT_REACHED"
fi
echo
echo "--------------------"
echo "content from stderr:"
echo
cat STDERR ;