Execution Chart

We display below the execution chart for this examination (boot time has been removed).

Trace from the execution

Formatting '/mnt/tpsp/fkordon/mcc2022-input.r197-tajo-165281578900078.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=4294967296 backing_file='/mnt/tpsp/fkordon/mcc2022-input.qcow2' encryption=off cluster_size=65536 lazy_refcounts=off
Waiting for the VM to be ready (probing ssh)
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
=====================================================================
Generated by BenchKit 2-4028
Executing tool gold2021
Input is RERS17pb115-PT-8, examination is ReachabilityFireability
Time confinement is 3600 seconds
Memory confinement is 16384 MBytes
Number of cores is 4
Run identifier is r197-tajo-165281578900078
=====================================================================

--------------------
preparation of the directory to be used:
/home/mcc/execution
total 70M
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 7.6K Apr 30 06:40 CTLCardinality.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 82K Apr 30 06:40 CTLCardinality.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 7.1K Apr 30 06:36 CTLFireability.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 54K Apr 30 06:36 CTLFireability.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 4.2K May 10 09:34 GenericPropertiesDefinition.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6.4K May 10 09:34 GenericPropertiesVerdict.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 3.3K May 9 08:34 LTLCardinality.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 22K May 9 08:34 LTLCardinality.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 3.2K May 9 08:34 LTLFireability.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 19K May 9 08:34 LTLFireability.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 7.6K Apr 30 06:50 ReachabilityCardinality.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 75K Apr 30 06:50 ReachabilityCardinality.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 12K Apr 30 06:43 ReachabilityFireability.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 79K Apr 30 06:43 ReachabilityFireability.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 1.6K May 9 08:34 UpperBounds.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 3.6K May 9 08:34 UpperBounds.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6 May 10 09:34 equiv_col
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 2 May 10 09:34 instance
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 6 May 10 09:34 iscolored
-rw-r--r-- 1 mcc users 69M May 10 09:34 model.pnml

--------------------
content from stdout:

=== Data for post analysis generated by BenchKit (invocation template)

The expected result is a vector of booleans
BOOL_VECTOR

here is the order used to build the result vector(from text file)
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-00
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-01
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-02
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-03
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-04
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-05
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-06
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-07
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-08
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-09
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-10
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-11
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-12
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-13
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-14
FORMULA_NAME RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-15

=== Now, execution of the tool begins

BK_START 1655098976473

Running Version 0
[2022-06-13 05:42:59] [INFO ] Running its-tools with arguments : [-pnfolder, /home/mcc/execution, -examination, ReachabilityFireability, -spotpath, /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//ltlfilt, -z3path, /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//z3/bin/z3, -yices2path, /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//yices/bin/yices, -its, -ltsmin, -greatspnpath, /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//greatspn/, -order, META, -manyOrder, -smt, -timeout, 3600]
[2022-06-13 05:42:59] [INFO ] Parsing pnml file : /home/mcc/execution/model.pnml
[2022-06-13 05:43:01] [INFO ] Load time of PNML (sax parser for PT used): 2191 ms
[2022-06-13 05:43:01] [INFO ] Transformed 1399 places.
[2022-06-13 05:43:02] [INFO ] Transformed 144369 transitions.
[2022-06-13 05:43:02] [INFO ] Parsed PT model containing 1399 places and 144369 transitions in 2994 ms.
Parsed 16 properties from file /home/mcc/execution/ReachabilityFireability.xml in 62 ms.
Working with output stream class java.io.PrintStream
Incomplete random walk after 10000 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 1508 ms. (steps per millisecond=6 ) properties (out of 16) seen :3
FORMULA RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-13 FALSE TECHNIQUES TOPOLOGICAL RANDOM_WALK
FORMULA RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-10 TRUE TECHNIQUES TOPOLOGICAL RANDOM_WALK
FORMULA RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-02 TRUE TECHNIQUES TOPOLOGICAL RANDOM_WALK
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 159 ms. (steps per millisecond=62 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 134 ms. (steps per millisecond=74 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 172 ms. (steps per millisecond=58 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 186 ms. (steps per millisecond=53 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 164 ms. (steps per millisecond=60 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 155 ms. (steps per millisecond=64 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 189 ms. (steps per millisecond=52 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 142 ms. (steps per millisecond=70 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 126 ms. (steps per millisecond=79 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 114 ms. (steps per millisecond=87 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 139 ms. (steps per millisecond=71 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 157 ms. (steps per millisecond=63 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Incomplete Best-First random walk after 10001 steps, including 2 resets, run finished after 121 ms. (steps per millisecond=82 ) properties (out of 13) seen :0
Running SMT prover for 13 properties.
[2022-06-13 05:43:07] [INFO ] Flow matrix only has 81238 transitions (discarded 63131 similar events)
// Phase 1: matrix 81238 rows 1399 cols
[2022-06-13 05:43:08] [INFO ] Computed 37 place invariants in 768 ms
[2022-06-13 05:43:09] [INFO ] [Real]Absence check using 19 positive place invariants in 20 ms returned sat
[2022-06-13 05:43:09] [INFO ] [Real]Absence check using 19 positive and 18 generalized place invariants in 4 ms returned sat
[2022-06-13 05:43:09] [INFO ] SMT Verify possible in real domain returnedunsat :0 sat :0 real:13
[2022-06-13 05:43:09] [INFO ] [Nat]Absence check using 19 positive place invariants in 14 ms returned sat
[2022-06-13 05:43:09] [INFO ] [Nat]Absence check using 19 positive and 18 generalized place invariants in 3 ms returned sat
[2022-06-13 05:43:09] [INFO ] [Nat]Adding state equation constraints to refine reachable states.
[2022-06-13 05:43:34] [INFO ] [Nat]Absence check using state equation in 24365 ms returned unsat :0 sat :13
[2022-06-13 05:43:40] [INFO ] State equation strengthened by 2277 read => feed constraints.
[2022-06-13 05:43:40] [WARNING] SMT solver failed with error :SMT solver raised an error when submitting script.... while checking expressions.
Fused 13 Parikh solutions to 1 different solutions.
Support contains 209 out of 1399 places. Attempting structural reductions.
Starting structural reductions, iteration 0 : 1399/1399 places, 144369/144369 transitions.
Ensure Unique test removed 18 places
Iterating post reduction 0 with 18 rules applied. Total rules applied 18 place count 1381 transition count 144369
Applied a total of 18 rules in 2313 ms. Remains 1381 /1399 variables (removed 18) and now considering 144369/144369 (removed 0) transitions.
Finished structural reductions, in 1 iterations. Remains : 1381/1399 places, 144369/144369 transitions.
[2022-06-13 05:43:48] [INFO ] Flatten gal took : 4837 ms
[2022-06-13 05:43:52] [INFO ] Flatten gal took : 4019 ms
[2022-06-13 05:43:53] [INFO ] Time to serialize gal into /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality9574894980637775273.gal : 482 ms
[2022-06-13 05:43:53] [INFO ] Time to serialize properties into /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality12644585057674302954.prop : 2 ms
Invoking ITS tools like this :CommandLine [args=[/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.itstools.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/its-reach-linux64, --gc-threshold, 2000000, --quiet, -i, /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality9574894980637775273.gal, -t, CGAL, -reachable-file, /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality12644585057674302954.prop, --nowitness, --gen-order, FOLLOW], workingDir=/home/mcc/execution]

its-reach command run as :

/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.itstools.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/its-reach-linux64 --gc-threshold 2000000 --quiet -i /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality9574894980637775273.gal -t CGAL -reachable-file /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality12644585057674302954.prop --nowitness --gen-order FOLLOW
Detected timeout of ITS tools.
[2022-06-13 05:44:13] [INFO ] Flatten gal took : 4385 ms
[2022-06-13 05:44:13] [INFO ] Applying decomposition
[2022-06-13 05:44:17] [INFO ] Flatten gal took : 4103 ms
Converted graph to binary with : CommandLine [args=[/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.louvain.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/convert-linux64, -i, /tmp/graph2209701543012772831.txt, -o, /tmp/graph2209701543012772831.bin, -w, /tmp/graph2209701543012772831.weights], workingDir=null]
Built communities with : CommandLine [args=[/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.louvain.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/louvain-linux64, /tmp/graph2209701543012772831.bin, -l, -1, -v, -w, /tmp/graph2209701543012772831.weights, -q, 0, -e, 0.001], workingDir=null]
[2022-06-13 05:44:30] [INFO ] Decomposing Gal with order
[2022-06-13 05:44:30] [INFO ] Rewriting arrays to variables to allow decomposition.
[2022-06-13 05:44:43] [INFO ] Removed a total of 435875 redundant transitions.
[2022-06-13 05:44:44] [INFO ] Flatten gal took : 7840 ms
[2022-06-13 05:45:18] [INFO ] Fuse similar labels procedure discarded/fused a total of 2878 labels/synchronizations in 27482 ms.
[2022-06-13 05:45:18] [INFO ] Time to serialize gal into /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality6859976187858771370.gal : 476 ms
[2022-06-13 05:45:18] [INFO ] Time to serialize properties into /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality15529065398513191716.prop : 3 ms
Invoking ITS tools like this :CommandLine [args=[/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.itstools.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/its-reach-linux64, --gc-threshold, 2000000, --quiet, -i, /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality6859976187858771370.gal, -t, CGAL, -reachable-file, /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality15529065398513191716.prop, --nowitness], workingDir=/home/mcc/execution]

its-reach command run as :

/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.itstools.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/its-reach-linux64 --gc-threshold 2000000 --quiet -i /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality6859976187858771370.gal -t CGAL -reachable-file /tmp/ReachabilityCardinality15529065398513191716.prop --nowitness
Detected timeout of ITS tools.
Built C files in :
/tmp/ltsmin2474986821934856714
[2022-06-13 05:45:35] [INFO ] Built C files in 1771ms conformant to PINS (ltsmin variant)in folder :/tmp/ltsmin2474986821934856714
Running compilation step : CommandLine [args=[gcc, -c, -I/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.ltsmin.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/include/, -I., -std=c99, -fPIC, -O2, model.c], workingDir=/tmp/ltsmin2474986821934856714]
WARNING : LTS min runner thread failed on error :java.lang.RuntimeException: Compilation or link of executable timed out.java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException: Subprocess running CommandLine [args=[gcc, -c, -I/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.ltsmin.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/include/, -I., -std=c99, -fPIC, -O2, model.c], workingDir=/tmp/ltsmin2474986821934856714] killed by timeout after 1 SECONDS
java.lang.RuntimeException: Compilation or link of executable timed out.java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException: Subprocess running CommandLine [args=[gcc, -c, -I/home/mcc/BenchKit/itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.ltsmin.binaries_1.0.0.202104292328/bin/include/, -I., -std=c99, -fPIC, -O2, model.c], workingDir=/tmp/ltsmin2474986821934856714] killed by timeout after 1 SECONDS
at fr.lip6.move.gal.application.LTSminRunner$1.run(LTSminRunner.java:79)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Interrupted random walk after 141306 steps, including 0 resets, run timeout after 30001 ms. (steps per millisecond=4 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 627873 steps, including 1 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=125 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 526620 steps, including 1 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=105 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 585254 steps, including 1 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=117 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 157171 steps, including 0 resets, run timeout after 5215 ms. (steps per millisecond=30 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 3566 steps, including 0 resets, run timeout after 5236 ms. (steps per millisecond=0 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 175927 steps, including 0 resets, run timeout after 5789 ms. (steps per millisecond=30 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 290985 steps, including 0 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=58 ) properties seen :{6=1}
FORMULA RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-07 FALSE TECHNIQUES TOPOLOGICAL BESTFIRST_WALK
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 781752 steps, including 2 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=156 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 836327 steps, including 2 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=167 ) properties seen :{7=1}
FORMULA RERS17pb115-PT-8-ReachabilityFireability-09 TRUE TECHNIQUES TOPOLOGICAL BESTFIRST_WALK
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 352125 steps, including 1 resets, run timeout after 5017 ms. (steps per millisecond=70 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 192096 steps, including 0 resets, run timeout after 5010 ms. (steps per millisecond=38 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 496741 steps, including 1 resets, run timeout after 5005 ms. (steps per millisecond=99 ) properties seen :{}
Interrupted Best-First random walk after 370704 steps, including 1 resets, run timeout after 5001 ms. (steps per millisecond=74 ) properties seen :{}
Running SMT prover for 11 properties.
[2022-06-13 05:47:15] [INFO ] Flow matrix only has 81238 transitions (discarded 63131 similar events)
// Phase 1: matrix 81238 rows 1381 cols
[2022-06-13 05:47:16] [INFO ] Computed 19 place invariants in 817 ms
[2022-06-13 05:47:17] [INFO ] [Real]Absence check using 19 positive place invariants in 75 ms returned sat
[2022-06-13 05:47:17] [INFO ] SMT Verify possible in real domain returnedunsat :0 sat :0 real:11
[2022-06-13 05:47:18] [INFO ] [Nat]Absence check using 19 positive place invariants in 24 ms returned sat
[2022-06-13 05:47:18] [INFO ] [Nat]Adding state equation constraints to refine reachable states.
[2022-06-13 05:48:10] [INFO ] [Nat]Absence check using state equation in 51267 ms returned unsat :0 sat :11

BK_STOP 1655099307143

--------------------
content from stderr:

+ export BINDIR=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//../
+ BINDIR=/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//../
++ pwd
+ export MODEL=/home/mcc/execution
+ MODEL=/home/mcc/execution
+ [[ ReachabilityFireability = StateSpace ]]
+ /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//runeclipse.sh /home/mcc/execution ReachabilityFireability -its -ltsmin -greatspnpath /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//greatspn/ -order META -manyOrder -smt -timeout 3600
+ ulimit -s 65536
+ [[ -z '' ]]
+ export LTSMIN_MEM_SIZE=8589934592
+ LTSMIN_MEM_SIZE=8589934592
++ cut -d . -f 9
++ ls /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//itstools/plugins/fr.lip6.move.gal.application.pnmcc_1.0.0.202104292328.jar
+ VERSION=0
+ echo 'Running Version 0'
+ /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//itstools/its-tools -data /home/mcc/execution/workspace -pnfolder /home/mcc/execution -examination ReachabilityFireability -spotpath /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//ltlfilt -z3path /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//z3/bin/z3 -yices2path /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//yices/bin/yices -its -ltsmin -greatspnpath /home/mcc/BenchKit/bin//..//greatspn/ -order META -manyOrder -smt -timeout 3600 -vmargs -Dosgi.locking=none -Declipse.stateSaveDelayInterval=-1 -Dosgi.configuration.area=/tmp/.eclipse -Xss128m -Xms40m -Xmx16000m

Sequence of Actions to be Executed by the VM

This is useful if one wants to reexecute the tool in the VM from the submitted image disk.

set -x
# this is for BenchKit: configuration of major elements for the test
export BK_INPUT="RERS17pb115-PT-8"
export BK_EXAMINATION="ReachabilityFireability"
export BK_TOOL="gold2021"
export BK_RESULT_DIR="/tmp/BK_RESULTS/OUTPUTS"
export BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT="3600"
export BK_MEMORY_CONFINEMENT="16384"
export BK_BIN_PATH="/home/mcc/BenchKit/bin/"

# this is specific to your benchmark or test

export BIN_DIR="$HOME/BenchKit/bin"

# remove the execution directoty if it exists (to avoid increse of .vmdk images)
if [ -d execution ] ; then
rm -rf execution
fi

# this is for BenchKit: explicit launching of the test
echo "====================================================================="
echo " Generated by BenchKit 2-4028"
echo " Executing tool gold2021"
echo " Input is RERS17pb115-PT-8, examination is ReachabilityFireability"
echo " Time confinement is $BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT seconds"
echo " Memory confinement is 16384 MBytes"
echo " Number of cores is 4"
echo " Run identifier is r197-tajo-165281578900078"
echo "====================================================================="
echo
echo "--------------------"
echo "preparation of the directory to be used:"

tar xzf /home/mcc/BenchKit/INPUTS/RERS17pb115-PT-8.tgz
mv RERS17pb115-PT-8 execution
cd execution
if [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "ReachabilityDeadlock" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "UpperBounds" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "QuasiLiveness" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "StableMarking" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "Liveness" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "OneSafe" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "StateSpace" ]; then
rm -f GenericPropertiesVerdict.xml
fi
pwd
ls -lh

echo
echo "--------------------"
echo "content from stdout:"
echo
echo "=== Data for post analysis generated by BenchKit (invocation template)"
echo
if [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "UpperBounds" ] ; then
echo "The expected result is a vector of positive values"
echo NUM_VECTOR
elif [ "ReachabilityFireability" != "StateSpace" ] ; then
echo "The expected result is a vector of booleans"
echo BOOL_VECTOR
else
echo "no data necessary for post analysis"
fi
echo
if [ -f "ReachabilityFireability.txt" ] ; then
echo "here is the order used to build the result vector(from text file)"
for x in $(grep Property ReachabilityFireability.txt | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | sort -u) ; do
echo "FORMULA_NAME $x"
done
elif [ -f "ReachabilityFireability.xml" ] ; then # for cunf (txt files deleted;-)
echo echo "here is the order used to build the result vector(from xml file)"
for x in $(grep '' ReachabilityFireability.xml | cut -d '>' -f 2 | cut -d '<' -f 1 | sort -u) ; do
echo "FORMULA_NAME $x"
done
elif [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "ReachabilityDeadlock" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "QuasiLiveness" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "StableMarking" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "Liveness" ] || [ "ReachabilityFireability" = "OneSafe" ] ; then
echo "FORMULA_NAME ReachabilityFireability"
fi
echo
echo "=== Now, execution of the tool begins"
echo
echo -n "BK_START "
date -u +%s%3N
echo
timeout -s 9 $BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT bash -c "/home/mcc/BenchKit/BenchKit_head.sh 2> STDERR ; echo ; echo -n \"BK_STOP \" ; date -u +%s%3N"
if [ $? -eq 137 ] ; then
echo
echo "BK_TIME_CONFINEMENT_REACHED"
fi
echo
echo "--------------------"
echo "content from stderr:"
echo
cat STDERR ;